Nigeria’s Code of Conduct Bureau (CCB) has commenced investigations into seven individuals, including former Anambra State Governor Peter Obi, former Senate Presidents Bukola Saraki and David Mark, over allegations of undeclared offshore assets and business interests uncovered by the Panama Papers and Pandora Papers investigations.
According to reports, multiple sources within the bureau confirmed that case officers had been assigned to investigate the seven individuals.
The others are former Aviation Minister Stella Oduah, late former Bayelsa State Governor Diepreye Alamieyeseigha, former Delta State Governor James Ibori and retired Delta State judicial officer Stella Ogene.
One CCB source told the newsmen that investigations had commenced against the seven individuals, adding that the bureau intended to extend its inquiries to other Nigerians named in the international investigations.
The investigations follow reports alleging that some public officials maintained offshore companies, foreign bank accounts and business interests that were not declared as required under Nigerian law.
The CCB is responsible for enforcing the code of conduct applicable to public officers, including requirements relating to asset declaration and restrictions on certain private business activities.
The bureau had previously informed PREMIUM TIMES that it was reviewing information and documents relating to allegations of undeclared offshore assets and business interests involving public officials named in the Pandora Papers investigation.
In October 2021, the CCB acknowledged the significance of the investigation, which was coordinated by the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ), and requested the newspaper’s cooperation in facilitating inquiries into the allegations.
After years without a detailed public update, PREMIUM TIMES wrote to the bureau in July 2026 seeking clarification on the status of its investigations.
In September, the CCB said the relevant information and materials were being reviewed in accordance with its constitutional and statutory responsibilities.
The bureau declined to disclose details that could prejudice ongoing or contemplated investigations, citing the confidential nature of its verification processes.
An aide to the CCB chairman subsequently confirmed to PREMIUM TIMES that the agency was investigating Nigerian officials named in the international reports.
What the Pandora Papers revealed about Peter Obi
The 2021 Pandora Papers investigation reported that Obi maintained offshore business interests while serving as governor of Anambra State.
According to the report, Obi remained a director of NEXT International (UK) Limited for 14 months after becoming governor, raising questions about compliance with provisions of Nigeria’s Code of Conduct laws.
The investigation also raised concerns about undeclared offshore holdings and the operation of a foreign bank account while he was in office.
Obi reportedly said he was unaware that assets jointly owned with others were required to be declared.
He has also repeatedly denied diverting public funds, although the original PREMIUM TIMES report did not accuse him of diverting government money.
The investigation also examined offshore interests associated with former Aviation Minister Stella Oduah.
PREMIUM TIMES reported that four London properties worth a combined £6.7 million were acquired between October 2012 and August 2013 through a Seychelles-registered company linked to her.
The newspaper further identified three other London properties associated with Oduah, bringing the total to seven.
In the case of Stella Ogene, a retired judicial officer who headed the Delta State Customary Court of Appeal for 21 years, documents reportedly showed that she established an offshore company in Seychelles in 2009 to acquire a London property.
The investigation also found that public records listed her as a director of a private Nigerian company during her tenure as head of the court.
Another individual previously investigated by the newspaper was former House of Representatives member Nicholas Mutu, who was linked to an offshore company that acquired a London property in 2012.
Mutu denied being a director of the company, maintaining that it belonged to and was controlled by his wife. However, documents cited by PREMIUM TIMES identified him as a director, shareholder and beneficial owner.
Saraki, David Mark linked to offshore companies
The Panama Papers investigation, published in 2016, examined the use of offshore companies by politicians, businesspeople and other prominent individuals around the world.
Among the Nigerians named were former Senate President Bukola Saraki and his wife, Toyin Saraki, as well as his predecessor, David Mark.
PREMIUM TIMES reported that at least four assets associated with the Saraki family were held through offshore structures that were not disclosed to the CCB as required by law.
The newspaper also reported that Toyin Saraki held interests in offshore companies, including Sandon Development Limited, registered in Seychelles and used to acquire a property in London’s Belgravia district in 2012.
Other companies examined included Girol Properties Limited and Landfield International Developments Limited, both registered in the British Virgin Islands.
In David Mark’s case, the investigation linked the former Senate president to at least eight active companies registered in the British Virgin Islands while he was in public office.
Documents from the offshore law firm Mossack Fonseca reportedly classified Mark as a politically exposed person.
However, the investigation did not establish the nature of the businesses conducted through the companies.
The newspaper noted that owning an offshore company is not inherently illegal.
The central issue in the cases involving public officials is whether their business interests, assets and foreign accounts complied with Nigeria’s applicable laws and declaration requirements.
The Panama Papers investigation also examined offshore companies linked to the late Diepreye Alamieyeseigha, who governed Bayelsa State from 1999 until his impeachment in 2005.
One company identified was Solomon & Peters Limited, incorporated in the British Virgin Islands in 1999, shortly after he became governor.
Documents reportedly named Alamieyeseigha as the company’s first director and secretary and linked the offshore network to financial arrangements and property acquisitions abroad.
British authorities returned more than £5 million recovered from funds stolen by the former governor to the Bayelsa State Government in 2012.
The investigation also identified properties associated with him in the United Kingdom, the United States and South Africa, as well as foreign bank accounts holding substantial sums.
His asset declarations filed with the CCB in 1999 and 2003 reportedly did not reflect the scale of overseas assets subsequently identified by the investigation.
Under Nigeria’s legal framework, public officers covered by the Code of Conduct provisions are required to declare their assets and those of their spouses and children under 18, while restrictions apply to the management of private businesses and the operation of foreign bank accounts.
The CCB can refer cases to the Code of Conduct Tribunal where investigations establish grounds for prosecution.
However, the commencement of an investigation does not establish that any of the seven individuals has committed an offence.